Professor Flinders wasn't one of the signers of the Open Letter:
Academics against the Arms Fair, so this profile isn't included in the list
of profiles of signers, the black list to the left. He did sign another
proclamation, signed by a large number of academics (and non-academics). As
in the case of the Open Letter: Academics against the Arms Fair, I provide
here a copy of the proclamation, a list of signatories and comment. After
the copy of the proclamation, I provide a document with a very different
perspective on migrants and migration, from the organization 'Migration
Watch.' This is the newest
profile of the newest section of the site. In its present form, it doesn't
offer a balanced view of Professor Flinders in the least.
He's the author of 'Defending Politics: Why Democracy Matters in the 21st
Century.' I haven't read the book yet. It's on order. (Since writing this,
there have been unexpected difficulties in the supply of the book and it's
likely to be quite some time before I receive the book, before I read it,
before I have time to consider carefully its merits and any faults and
before I'm able to write a review and publish it on this page.)
I've a strong belief
in the importance of supporting book publication, including, of course, the
publications of academics. If I've reason to believe that a publication is
very flawed for one reason or another, or if the book is out of print, then
I'll buy a second hand copy. Otherwise, I'll buy it new. The author won't
benefit financially to more than a negligible extent, but at least I've
supported a branch of business which is far more than simply a branch of
business but a necessity. From what I know of the book, its aims and the
case it presents are ones I can endorse wholeheartedly. I'm sure there will
be some reservations, but I'll wait and see.
The only material here - for the time being - is critical. I include it
because I think this is a very important issue too - encouraging
universities to avoid bloated, vacuous claims to attract students. These are
screenshots from the video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amOXSRga0nM
''
Meet our academic staff from the Department of Politics and International
Relations.
The face of Professor Flinders, as in the case of similar images on the
page, is blocked for one reason only, to avoid infringement of copyright.
Without further comment, an image, with text generated to supply
subtitles. After the image with subtitles, the text is given again (with
punctuation supplied by me) together with the following subtitles, to form a
message which is surely 'standard stuff.' The
expectation of a 'fun' time in the department may well be far from the
reality. The reality does include, of course, the pressures of assessment,
the pressure of examinations
but more importantly, the study of Politics, like the study of Military
History, but not to the same extent, can never be viewed in a purely
hedonistic way. Some of the subject is necessarily far from comforting, does
nothing to confirm over-optimistic views of people and societies.
Professor Flinders says,
'What makes Sheffield a special Department of Politics? Well, there are
lots of things and I would just reduce them down to one thing. [This isn't
strictly true or true in a much looser sense - there's more than one thing.] I think it's
got a really good culture or vibe, it's a very inclusive, dynamic, engaging
and optimistic department to be part of whether you're an undergraduate or
postgraduate, member of staff, member of support staff, a member of alumni,
there's a lot going on and it's very exciting and it's just a fun place to
be. So there you go - I go with the vibe and I think we've got a pretty good
one.'
This is a set of empty claims, a generic piece with no individuality at
all. Innumerable other departments of politics and international relations
could make the claims but if they have any sense, wouldn't. Leave out the
first sentence here, omit the mention of undergraduates, postgraduates and
alumni and this piece could be used for a different purpose, to attract new
staff to companies and
organizations with no connection with education. By making a few changes,
using some capital letters for emphasis, a different font, perhaps, and some
exclamation marks, it could be used by a department which is part of a fizzy
drinks company:
What makes Fizz-U-like a SPECIAL company?
Well, there are LOTS of things and I'd reduce
them down to one thing - it's got a really good culture or VIBE, it's a very
inclusive, dynamic, engaging and optimistic department to be part of,
whether you're a skilled bottle-filling machine operator, a member of our warehouse
team or a manager, there's a lot going on and it's VERY exciting and it's
just a FUN place to be!!!
So there you go - I go with the vibe and I
think we've got a pretty good one!
'Let them
come.' Open Democracy Document: Refugees and
Asylum seekers
The current government position is bad policy, bad politics and a
betrayal of what is best in Britain's history of providing sanctuary to
those in need.
14 September 2015
Dear Prime Minister and Home Secretary,
We the undersigned are dedicated to creating a socially just world.
We spend our working lives supporting and promoting research,
initiatives, and projects which will create a fairer and more equitable
society for everyone. Among our number are many leading experts on
community cohesion, asylum, refugees, migration, politics, public
opinion, policy and law. We believe the Government’s current
position on the European refugee crisis is misguided and requires urgent
change.
Britain has a long and proud tradition of providing sanctuary to those
in need. Thousands of European Jews were taken in by the governments of
the 1930s and 1940s, saved from the horrors of fascism and Nazi
extermination. Britain was one of the founding signatories of the
post-war Geneva Convention on refugees in 1951. Tens of thousands of
Ugandan Asians were saved from the tyranny of Idi Amin in the 1970s,
while in the 1980s we accepted thousands of boat people fleeing Vietnam.
More recently, we have given sanctuary to thousands of refugees fleeing
conflicts in Africa, the Middle East and elsewhere in the world.
You do not need to look far to find the beneficiaries of this proud
tradition. Some sit with you on the benches of the House of Commons.
Priti Patel, your employment minister, whose parents fled the tyranny of
Idi Amin's Uganda. Nadeem Zahawi, the MP for Stratford-upon-Avon, who
came to Britain as a nine year old child from Iraq, one of many families
escaping Saddam Hussein. On the opposition benches, your former sparring
partner Ed Miliband, whose father caught the last boat to Britain when
the Nazis invaded Belgium. In the House of Lords, Lord Finkelstein, Lord
Howard and others are the children of refugees given sanctuary by
previous British governments.
Refugees and their descendents have made great contributions in all
walks of British life. Some are famous on the national and international
stage, others quietly contribute to British society and build lives for
themselves and their families. All of them owe everything to the
principled generosity of past Prime Ministers. That generosity is
urgently needed again now.
You are right to point to our significant financial contribution of £900
million to help the governments of Syria, Lebanon and Turkey cope with
the regional refugee crisis, a contribution you have recently increased
by a further £100 million. Yet on the urgent issue of providing
sanctuary to those who have arrived in Europe, it is clear we are
failing to do our part. Germany has shown real leadership in response to
this crisis, unilaterally lifting the Dublin regulation requiring
refugees to be accommodated in their country of first entry, pledging to
resettle up to 35,000 Syrian refugees under the Vulnerable Persons
Relocation Scheme (VPRS) and leading efforts to build a co-ordinated
European response. While Chancellor Merkel has responded with bold
leadership, our own government response has been reluctant and
insufficient. We have accepted only a tiny handful of VPRS refugees and,
while your recent pledge to increase this commitment to several thousand
is welcome, it is not equal to the task before us. For every refugee we
currently accept, Germany accepts thirty five.
Some have argued that the British public are opposed to a larger effort
to help, and that in any event such efforts are futile as we cannot hope
to support all those displaced by this conflict, nor can support for
refugees resolve the crisis that has led them to flee in the first
place. We reject these arguments. Opinion polling shows that British
voters backed the principle of asylum even before the current crisis -
in a May poll by YouGov supporters outnumbered opponents by a margin of
two to one. The terrible images of recent days can only have further
reinforced this public support. The argument that we should not help
anyone because we cannot help everyone is illogical and a historical
betrayal. The governments of the 1930s and 1940s could not hope to help
everyone displaced by global conflict, but they did what they could,
saving thousands of lives. The situation is no different now. There is
also no logic of refusing to help those fleeing conflict because doing
so will not resolve the conflict. It is akin to leaving people in a
burning building because rescuing them won't help put out the fire. We
do need to do more to resolve the conflicts in the region. But first we
must help more of those put at risk by these conflicts.
The chorus of political voices calling for greater action is growing
rapidly, and crosses all traditional party lines. Conservative MPs
Nicola Blackwood, David Burrowes, Jonny Mercer, Tom Tugendhat, Nadeem
Zahawi and Jeremy Lefroy have all called for us to do more as a nation,
as have Boris Johnson, Mayor of London and Baroness Sayeeda Warsi,
former party chairman. Ruth Davidson, leader of the Scottish
Conservatives, has joined SNP First Minister Nicola Sturgeon and
Scottish Labour leader Kezia Dugdale in calling for more to be done. The
leader of the Liberal Democrats, Tim Farron, has joined these calls, as
have the interim Labour Leader Harriet Harman and all the candidates in
the Labour leadership contest.
The current government position is bad policy, bad politics and a
betrayal of a proud British tradition. It shames us as a nation that we
have done so little, and there is clear support for a change of stance
from across the political spectrum. We urge you to live up to Britain's
proud humanitarian traditions, and increase Britain's commitment to give
sanctuary to those in urgent need on Europe's borders. This crisis is a
chance to challenge the growing cynicism of voters who feel that
politicians are crooked and politics doesn't matter. Show those who are
pouring out their support for those in desperate need but feel powerless
to help them that the British government is still a force for good in
the world. We can do more. We should do more. We must do more. Prime
Minister and Home Secretary, listen to the voices of your colleagues in
Europe, the voices of colleagues in your parties and other parties, and
the voices of your voters when we say: Let them come.
Why the Open Democracy Document is
grossly unfair
The current government position is bad policy, bad politics and a
betrayal of a proud British tradition. It shames us as a nation that we
have done so little, and there is clear support for a change of stance
from across the political spectrum. We urge you to live up to Britain's
proud humanitarian traditions, and increase Britain's commitment to give
sanctuary to those in urgent need on Europe's borders. This crisis is a
chance to challenge the growing cynicism of voters who feel that
politicians are crooked and politics doesn't matter. Show those who are
pouring out their support for those in desperate need but feel powerless
to help them that the British government is still a force for good in
the world. We can do more. We should do more. We must do more. Prime
Minister and Home Secretary, listen to the voices of your colleagues in
Europe, the voices of colleagues in your parties and other parties, and
the voices of your voters when we say: Let them come.
Migration Watch Document: 'What
is the problem?'
From the page
https://www.migrationwatchuk.org/what-is-the-problem
(Figures
provided with the document omitted.)
-
The issue is the huge scale of
immigration (para 2)
-
It is now massive compared to the past (para 6)
-
It is adding more than a million to the UK population every three
years (para 11)
-
Mass immigration places major pressure on public services. There
were an average of 2,000 new GP registrations by migrants per day in
2016/17 (para 15)
-
Current levels of immigration to England will require a home to
be built every six minutes, night and day (para 16)
-
Immigrants overall were a net fiscal cost to the Exchequer of
£4.3 billion in 2016/17
-
Nearly three-quarters of the public supports a large reduction in
immigration levels, according to a 2018 Deltapoll (para 20)
-
Demos found that about three-quarters of the public considered
that immigration had increased divisions (para 23)
Introduction
1. Immigration is a natural part of an open economy and society. The
problem for the UK is that the current level of immigration is much too
high. There needs to be a significant reduction in the level of
international net migration (the number of immigrants minus the number
of emigrants) which has averaged nearly 300,000 per annum since 2014 –
equivalent to the population of Newcastle arriving each year.
2. Opponents of tighter
immigration control often try to present the debate as being either
‘for’ or ‘against’ migration. That is quite wrong. The issue is with its scale and
with the dismissal of the public’s views on a matter of vital
importance. A
country has the right to decide who to allow in. Accordingly,
all countries have border controls and all face legitimate questions
over who to admit and who to turn away. The key question is who and how
many people are good for our economy and society. Immigration policy,
like any other policy, needs to be managed in the best interests of the
UK and of its citizens.
3. As is befitting an organisation that is chaired by a first-generation
migrant, we at Migration Watch UK know only too well that most migrants
come here for an admirable reason, to try to better their lives. A huge
number of those from overseas make a positive contribution to our
society. However, as many migrants themselves recognise, the current
pace of immigration-driven population growth is placing serious pressure
on our roads, trains, hospitals, GP surgeries, schools and natural
resources – all of which are struggling to cope.
4. Many people are also concerned about the way in which immigration is
leading to rapid cultural change. Indeed, some communities have been
transformed forever and the local way of life has now been largely
displaced.
5. Many also believe that the ongoing process of mass immigration is
having a harmful impact on fundamental British values such as freedom of
expression and freedom of religion, and equality of opportunity for
women and those in the LGBT community.
The scale of immigration
6. The scale of immigration
over the past 20 years is unprecedented in our history. The UK has
always experienced periods of immigration never on remotely the same
scale as that which we have witnessed over the past two decades or so
(see a history of immigration to the UK here).
7. In 1997, net migration was
just 47,000. In the years that followed it rose to well over 200,000 and
reached 320,000 in 2005. Under the last Labour government (1997-2010) an
extra 3.6 million foreign migrants arrived, while one million British
citizens left. (Read more about Labour’s
record on immigration from
1997 to 2010).
8. The coalition government elected in 2010 pledged to reduce net
migration to the ‘tens of thousands’ (a promise that was repeated in
2015 and 2017). However, overall net migration rose to a third of a
million – even higher than under Labour. This is largely because net
migration from the EU doubled over the last Parliament due to the
ongoing disparity in wealth between Eastern Europe and the UK together
and the impact of the Eurozone crisis on Southern Europe (See here).
This no doubt contributed significantly to the June 2016 referendum
result
9. The current Conservative
government has failed to reduce immigration as it has promised to do.
According to the most recent estimates, net migration stood at just over
250,000 in the year 2018. Although EU net migration has fallen
substantially in recent years, non-EU net migration remains at
historically high levels (over 230,000 per year). See figure 1 below and
read more about the latest net
migration estimates.
Why is the current level of immigration a problem?
10. The UK (and especially England) is already densely populated by
international standards. At 430 people per square kilometre, England is
nearly twice as crowded as Germany (227) people per sq/km) and more than
three times as crowded as France (117 people per sq/km).
11. High immigration is
driving rapid population growth. Immigration
added one million to the population every three years during the period
2001-2016. The
current rate of UK population growth is higher than in 47 out of the
past 65 years (read this paper on immigration
and population growth).
12. In 2016, nearly three-quarters of people said Britain was already
crowded (YouGov, May 2016). In 2018, 64% of the public said the level of
projected population growth was too high (YouGov, July 2018).
13. The UK population stood at 66.4 million in mid-2018 (see figure 2
below) and has risen by more than 7.7 million over the past twenty
years.
14. The Office for National
Statistics (ONS) projects that, if net migration remains at about the
current level of nearly 250,000 per year, the UK population will
increase by a total just under 400,000 per year until 2041. In the long
term this would lead to growth of 9.7 million people over a 25-year
period. We would surpass 70 million in 2026. ONS projections show that
around 82% of the total increase by 2041 would be the result of
immigration (see the official ONS
population projections).
15. The ONS has said that ‘in addition to the direct impact of migration
on the size of the population, current and past international migration
also has indirect effects on the size of the population as it changes
the numbers of births and deaths in the UK’. In 2017, 28.4% of all
births in England and Wales were to mothers born outside of the
UK. Meanwhile, in 2016/17, there were 730,000 new registrations with GPs
by those from overseas in England, Wales and Northern Ireland – or an
average of 2,000 per day. While a note of caution is required in that
some migrants may have been here short-term or could have moved between
homes in the UK and been double counted in the statistics, most
registrations were more likely to have been new arrivals, here for
protracted periods.
16. To cope with this population increase huge amounts
will have to be spent on the expansion of school places, roads, rail,
health and other infrastructure (read more about the
impact of immigration on public services and infrastructure).
Well over half of the public (58%) think immigration already places a
large amount of pressure on public services (Ipsos MORI, 2017). There is
one new GP registration by someone from overseas every minute (ONS
statistics).
17. Mass
immigration is clearly worsening the housing crisis. It
has ‘increased the overall demand for housing’ (says
the ONS) and ‘increases
house prices’ (according
to the Journal of Housing Economics - July 2019). One home will have to
be built every
six minutes, night and day, just to
cope with the current level of net immigration to England (ONS
projections). Unless immigration is brought sharply
down the housing crisis will continue indefinitely, largely to the
detriment of our young people. At the same time the UK’s precious green
countryside will continue to be swallowed up by construction of the
extra housing required (Read more about the
impact of immigration on housing).
Little benefit for the UK population and harmful for the poorest
18. Claims that immigration represents a fiscal benefit
to the UK are false (for more here is our economics
briefing). The academic research points to
immigration resulting in a clear fiscal cost to
the UK. Between 1995 and 2011, immigrants
in the UK cost at least £114 billion, or about £18m a day (University
College London research, 2014). More recently, for
the year 2016/17, a 2018 report for the Migration Advisory Committee
estimated that immigrants
overall cost the Exchequer £4.3 billion,
adding to the UK's fiscal deficit (with a net contribution of £4.7bn by
EEA migrants considerably outweighed by a cost of £9bn for non-EEA
migrants - - see par. 4.11 of MAC report). On
this evidence, immigration does not generate the tax receipts needed for
migrants to 'pay their way' let alone to finance the new infrastructure
or anything else required by rapid population growth.
19. The Office for Budget Responsibility has forecast
that the UK economy will continue to grow at a modest rate into 2021
(see Financial
Times report).
Mass immigration is a factor in this because more people make for a
larger economy. However, immigration
does not seem to have had any clear beneficial impact the UK’s GDP per
head so has not necessarily made for a better economy. Indeed,
growth in GDP per capita has effectively stalled over the past decade.
Additionally, despite the number of immigrant workers growing by over
two million since 2006, productivity (key to economic performance) has
essentially flat-lined (for more, read this May 2019 paper: ‘Immigration
and UK productivity’). As the MAC has said: “The
impact of migration on aggregate productivity may be mixed”.
20. The numbers of both UK-born and non-UK born people in
employment continues to grow (see ONS
statistics). However, the availability of a large
pool of labour from abroad has taken the pressure off employers to raise
wages (see Blanchflower, National
Institute Economic Review, 2015). Mass immigration is
likely to be holding back wages for those in direct competition for
work, which is often those who are already on low pay – both UK-born and
previous migrants. A 2015 Bank
of England studyfound a negative impact on the wages
of those in the lower skilled services sector in which millions of UK
workers are employed. Meanwhile, the Resolution
Foundationfound in 2016 that immigration over the
period 2009-2016 ‘resulted
in native wages for those in skilled trades occupations [electricians,
plumbers and bricklayers] being 2.1% lower’ (pp.
16-17 of their report).
Public Opinion
21. While the public have a nuanced view on different
types of immigration, Ipsos MORI have found that three in every five UK
adults supports a reduction in immigration levels. Deltapoll finds that
nearly three quarters of those surveyed in 2018 wanted a significant
reduction. In addition, a 2019 YouGov-Cambridge Globalism poll found
that 72% of respondents did not say that the benefits of immigration
outweighed the costs (read more about public
opinion regarding immigration).
22. In its 2017 election
manifesto the Conservative Partystated (see p.48)
that it would bring net migration down ‘to
the tens of thousands’ and ‘bear
down on immigration from outside the EU’. A
failure to deliver on such promises has undoubtedly contributed to
public disillusionment and distrust on this topic. Only 17% of the
public think that the government tells the truth on the issue either all
or most of the time (British Future). Only by delivering a major
reduction in immigration can the government begin to remedy what has
become a huge credibility gap. In a democracy, it is essential that
public policy is responsive to the public’s wishes and that election
promises are honoured.
The unity of our society
23. “Too
many people coming too quickly into a society makes it difficult to
retain a sense of cohesion and stability” (Policy
Exchange, 2017): This suggests that immigration levels needs to be
reduced. In 2016, Dame
Louise Casey reported that
some areas of the UK were struggling to cope with the pace and scale of
change while pointing to a growth in ‘regressive
ideologies’. These included religious and
cultural practices targeting women and children (female genital
mutilation, forced marriage, 'honour' based crime, educational
segregation and stultification) and the ‘hate
and stigmatisation’ of
LGBT people.
24. Polling also indicates that UK society is becoming
more fractured as the result of immigration. Demos
foundthat around three quarters of the public said in
2018 that immigration had increased divisions. According to
Eurofound, around half of the public believe immigration
has led to a high level of tension. Bringing the level of immigration
down by a large amount is crucial to ensuring a cohesive community in
which all are treated with dignity and British culture and values are
protected and enriched.
25. Our paper “What
should be done” explains what steps need to be taken
to bring immigration down.
Updated 11 July 2019
Open Democracy Document:
List of Signers
Dr Robert Ford, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Maria Sobolewska, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of
Manchester
Professor Matthew Flinders, Chair, Political Studies Association and
Director of the Sir Bernard Crick Centre for Promoting the Public
Understanding of Politics
Dr Rosie Campbell, Vice Chair, Political Studies Association and Reader
in Politics, Birkbeck College
Dr Vicky Randall, Vice Chair, Political Studies Association and Emeritus
Professor in Politics, University of Essex
Helena Djurkovic, CEO, Political Studies Association
Professor Francesca Gains, Head of Department of Politics and
International Relations, University of Manchester
Dr Tariq Modood, MBA FAcSS, Founding Director of the Centre for the
Study of Ethnicity and Citizenship and Professor of Sociology, Public
Policy and Politics, University of Bristol
Dr Liz Frazer, Head of Department of Politics and Official Fellow of New
College, University of Oxford
Frances O'Grady, General Secretary, Trades Union Congress
Dr Ailsa Henderson, Professor of Politics and Head of Department of
Politics and International Relations
Dr Simon Hix, Head of Department of Government and Harold Laski
Professor of Political Science, London School of Economics and Political
Science
Dr Mike Savage FBA, Head of Department of Sociology and Professor of
Sociology, London School of Economics and Political Science
Professor Emma Murphy, Head of School of Government and International
Affairs, University of Durham
Dr Nick Vaughan-Williams, Professor of Politics and Head of Department
of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Melissa Mills, Head of Department of Sociology and Nuffield Professor
of Sociology, University of Oxford
Professor Claudio Radaelli, Director, Centre of European Governance,
University of Exeter
Dr Anthony Heath FBA CBE, Director of the Centre for Social
Investigation and Professor of Sociology, University of Oxford
Dr Michael Keith, Director of the Centre on Migration Policy and Society
(COMPAS) and Professorial Fellow, Merton College, Oxford University
Dr Patrick Sturgis, Director of ESRC National Centre for Research
Methods and Professor of Research Methodology, University of Southampton
Dr Andrew Sanders, Head of School of Law, Politics and Sociology
Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology, University of Sussex
Moira Sinclair, Chief Executive, Paul Hamlyn Foundation
Debbie Pippard, Head of Programmes, Barrow Cadbury Trust
Nick Perks, Trust Secretary, Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust
Omar Khan, Director, Runnymede Trust
Michael McTernan, Director, Policy Network
Don Flynn, Director, Migrants' Rights Network
Sunder Katwala, Director, British Future
Will Somerville, Director, UK Programme, Unbound Philanthropy
Andy Gregg, Chief Executive, Race on the Agenda
Jehangir Malik OBE, UK Director, Islamic Relief
Nero Ughwujabo, Chief Executive , Croydon BME Forum
Jabeer Butt, Deputy Chief Executive, Race Equality Foundation
Alexandra Runswick, Director, Unlock Democracy
Patrick Yu, Executive Director, Northern Ireland Council for Ethnic
Minorities
Nick Lowles, Chief Executive, Hope not Hate
Dr Edie Friedman, Director, Jewish Council for Racial Equality
Ratna Lachman, Director, JUST West Yorkshire
S Chelvan, Barrister, No5 Chambers
Rabbi Herschel Gluck OBE, Chairman, Arab-Jewis Forum
Mark Tilki, Chair, Irish in Britain
Michael Newman, Vice-chair, Discrimination Law Association
Dr Anoush Ehteshami Joint Director of the RCUK Centre for the
Advanced Study of the Arab World and Professor of International
Relations, University of Durham
Dr Saladin Meckled-Garcia, Senior Lecturer in Politics and Director of
the UCL Institute for Human Rights, University College London
Dr David Feldman, Direct, Pears Institute for the Study of Antisemitism
and Professor of History, Birkbeck, University of London
Dr Bridget Anderson, Deputy Director of COMPAS and Professor of
Migration and Citizenship, University of Oxford
Dr Virginia Mantouvalou, Co-Director of the Institute for Human Rights
and Reader in Human Rights and Labour Law, University College London
Dr Patrick Baert, Head of Department of Sociology and Professor of
Sociology, University of Cambridge
Dr Simon Parker, Director of School of Social and Political Sciences and
Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of York
Dr Fiona Mackay, Head of School of Social and Political Science and
Professor of Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Claire Annesley, Head of Department of Politics and Professor of
Politics, University of Sussex
Dr Valsamis Mitsilegas, Head of the Department of Law and Professor of
Law,
Queen Mary University of London
Dr Dibyesh Anand, Head of Department and Reader in Politics and
International Relations, University of Westminster
Dr Albert Weale CBE FBA, Emeritus Professor of Political Theory and
Public Policy, University College London
Dr Ben Bowling, Deputy Dean and Professor of Law, The Dickson Poon
School of Law, King's College London
Dr Colin Clark, Professor of Sociology & Social Policy, Research
Director of the Public Policy, Governance & Social Justice hub, The
University of the West of Scotland
Dr Patrick Hayden, Director of Research, School of International
Relations and Professor of Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Reenske Doorenspleet, Director of the Centre for Studies in
Democratisation and Associate Professor of Politics, University of
Warwick
Dr Alan Ware, Professor of Politics and Emeritus Fellow, Worcester
College, University of Oxford
Dr Robin Cohen, Emeritus Professor of Development Studies and former
Director, International Migration Institute, University of Oxford
Dr Deborah Johnston, Head of Department of Economics and Reader in
Economics, SOAS, University of London
Dr Ben Clift, Deputy Head of Department of Politics, and Professor of
Politics, University of Warwick
Dr Sally Munt, Director, Sussex Centre for Cultural Studies and
Professor of Cultural Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Ben Rogaly, Head of Department of Geography and Professor of
Geography, University of Sussex
Dr Alan Lester, Co-Director of Centre for Colonial and Post-colonial
studies and Professor of Historical Geography, University of Sussex
Dr Harris Beider, Head of Social Relations Team and Professor of
Community Cohesion, Coventry University
Dr Phil Henry, Director, The Multi-Faith Centre at the University of
Derby
Dr Alison Phipps, Director of Gender Studies & Reader in
Sociology, University of Sussex
Dr Eleonore Kofman, Co-Director Social Policy Research Centre and
Professor of Social Policy, Middlesex University
Professor David Held, Master of University College, Durham
Dr Sam Raphael, Co-Director, The Rendition Project and Senior Lecturer,
Politics, International Relations and Human Rights, Kingston University
Dr Jennifer Van Heerde-Hudson, Director, UCL Q-Step Centre and Senior
Lecturer in Political Behaviour, University College London
Dr Navtej Purewal, Deputy Director, South Asia Institute, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Margaret Greenfields, Director: Institute for Diversity Research,
Inclusivity, Communities and Society (IDRICS) and Professor of Social
Policy & Community Engagement, Buckinghamshire New University
Dr Louise Ryan, Co-Director of the Social Policy Research Centre and
Professor of Sociology, Middlesex University
Dr Daniel Butt, Director of the Centre for the Study of Social Justice
and Associate Professor in Political Theory, Oxford University
Dr Stuart White, Director of the Public Policy Unit, Associate Professor
in Politics and Fellow of Jesus College, University of Oxford
Dr Vanja Hamzic, co-Chair, Centre for Ottomoan Studies, SOAS, University
of London
Dr Ana Contandi, Head of the School of Arts, SOAS, University of London
Dr Francesco Billari FBA, Professor of Sociology, University of Oxford
Dr Cecile Laborde, FBA, Professor of Political Theory, University
College London
Dr Edward Fieldhouse, Director of the British Election Study and
Professor of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Hermann Schmitt, Director of the British Election Study and Professor
of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Jane Green, Director of the British Election Study and Professor of
Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Heaven Crawley, Professor of International Migration, Centre for
Trust, Peace and Social Relations
Dr Anand Menon, Professor of European Politics and Foreign Affairs,
Kings College London
Dr Andew Thompson, Professor of Public Policy and Citizenship,
University of Edinburgh
Dr Colin Talbot, Professor of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr David Richards, Professor of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Andrew Russell, Professor of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Ludi Simpson, Professor of Population Studies, University of
Manchester
Dr Sarah Childs, Professor of Politics, University of Bristol
Dr Joni Lovenduski, Professor of Politics, Birkbeck College University
of London
Dr Gerry Stoker, Professor of Politics and Governance, University of
Southampton
Dr Paul Whiteley, Professor of Politics, University of Essex
Dr Andrew Geddes, Professor of Politics, University of Sheffield
Dr Jan Toporowski, Professor of Economics, SOAS, University of London
Dr Guy Standing FAcSS, Professor in Development Studies, SOAS,
University of London
Mr Chris Bertram, Professor of Social and Political Philosophy,
University of Bristol
Dr Satvinder Juss FRSA, Professor of Law, King's College London
Dr Mike Smith, Professor in European Politics, University of Warwick
Dr Peter Fitzpatrick, Anniversary Professor of Law, Birkbeck College
University of London
Dr Ian Law, Professor of Sociology, School of Sociology and Social
Policy University of Leeds
Dr Yunas Samad, Professor of South Asian Studies, University of Bradford
Dr Shirin Rai, Professor of Politics, Warwick University
Dr Peter Humphreys, Professor of Politics, Manchester University
Dr Eleanor Nesbitt, Professor Emeritus, Warwick Religions and Education
Research Unit
Dr Peter Ratcliffe, Professor of Sociology, University of Warwick
Dr Anthony Good, Emeritus Professor of Social Anthropology, University
of Edinburgh
Dr Marie-Benedicte Dembour, Professor of Law and Anthropology,
University of Brighton
Dr Raminder Kaur, Professor of Anthropology, University of Sussex
Dr Rachel Gibson, Professor of Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Bernard Ryan, Professor of Migration Law, University of Leicester
Dr Gideon Calder, Professor of Social Ethics, University of South Wales
Dr Clive Jones, F.R.Hist.Soc, Professor of Regional Security,
University of Durham
Dr James Fairhead, Professor of Anthropology, University of Sussex
Dr Salwa Ismail, Professor of Politics with Reference to the Middle
East, SOAS, University of London
Dr Alan Renwick, Deputy Director of the Constitution Unit, University
College London
Dr Stephen Fielding, Professor of Politics, University of Nottingham
Dr Colin Hay, Professor of Politics, Sciences-Po, Paris
Dr Matthew Goodwin, Professor of Politics, University of Kent
Dr Julia Strauss, Professor of Politics, SOAS, University of London
Dr Francesca Bray, Professor of Anthropology, University of Edinburgh
Dr Les Back, Professor of Sociology, Goldsmiths College University of
London
Dr Ben Highmore, Professor of Cultural Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Anshuman Mondal, Professor of English, College of Business, Arts and
Social Sciences, Brunel University
Dr Hakim Adi, Professor of the History of Africa and the African
Diaspora,University of Chichester
Dr Jane Cowan, Professor of social anthropology at the University of
Sussex; also Professor for the International Summer School, 'Cultures,
Migrations, Borders' in Plomari, Lesbos,
Dr Gill Crozier, Professor of Education, University of Roehampton,
London
Dr Floya Anthias, Professor of Sociology and Social Justice (Emeritus),
Roehampton University
Dr David Owen, Professor of Social and Political Philosophy, University
of Southampton
Dr Simon Caney, Professor in Political Theory, Magdalen College, Oxford
Dr Ben Highmore, Professor of Cultural Studies, University of Sussex.
Dr Peter Muchlinski, Professor in International Commercial Law, The
School of Law, SOAS, University of London
Dr Christina Boswell, Director of Research and Professor of Politics,
School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh
Dr Nicola McEwen, Professor of Territorial Politics, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Alfredo Saad Filho, Professor of Development Studies, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Christopher Cramer, Professor of the Political Economy of
Development, SOAS, University of London
Dr Marc Stears, Professor of Political Theory and Fellow of University
College, University of Oxford
Dr Mark Hobart, Emeritus Professor of Critical Media and Cultural
Studies, SOAS, University of London
Dr Nadje Al-Ali, Professor of Gender Studies, SOAS, University of London
Dr Michael Jennings, Senior Lecturer in Development Studies, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Oliver Heath, Reader in Politics, Royal Holloway University of London
Dr Maria Koinova, Reader in International Relations, Warwick University
Dr Miriam Ronzoni, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Eddie Bruce-Jones, Senior Lecturer in Law, Birkbeck College
University of London
Dr Piers Robinson, Senior Lecturer in International Politics, University
of Manchester
Dr Matthias Thaler, Chancellor's Fellow in Politics, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Louiza Odysseos, Senior Lecturer in International Relations,
University of Sussex
Dr Martin O'Neill, Senior Lecturer in Political Philosophy, University
of York
Dr Sian Hawthorne, Director of Studies MA Religion and Global Politics,
SOAS, University of London
Dr Delwar Hussain, Chancellor's Fellow in Social Anthropology,
University of Edinburgh
Dr Gerard McCann, Senior Lecturer in International Studies, St Mary’s
University College, Belfast
Dr. Theofanis Exadaktylos, Lecturer in European Politics, University of
Surrey
Dr Tereza Capelos, Lecturer in Politics, University of Surrey
Dr Liz Richardson, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Christian Schemmel, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Marta Cantijoch, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Aoileann Ni Mhurchu, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Alistair Clark, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Newcastle
Dr Liam Shields, Lecturer in Political Theory, University of Manchester
Dr Helena Wray, Associate Professor in Law, Middlesex University
Dr Jonathan Seglow, Reader in Political Theory, Royal Holloway,
University of London
Dr Bridget Byrne, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, University of Manchester
Dr. Leandro Vergara-Camus, Lecturer in Theory, Policy and Practice of
Development, SOAS, University of London
Dr Nicola Pratt, Reader, International Politics of the Middle East,
University of Warwick
Dr Ana Lindley, Lecturer in Development Studies, SOAS, University of
London
Dr Vicki Squire, Associate Professor of International Security,
University of Warwick
Dr Steve Bastow, Director of Teaching and Learning, School of Economics,
History and Politics
Kingston University
Dr Nicola Furrie Senior Lecturer in Political Communication and Public
Affairs, Aberdeen Business School
Dr Ben Gidley, Associate Professor, School of Anthropology and Museum
Ethnography, University of Oxford
Dr Sundari Anitha, Senior Lecturer in Criminology, School of Social and
Political Sciences, University of Lincoln
Dr Peter McLaverty, Reader in Public Policy, Aberdeen Business School,
Robert Gordon University
Dr Elizabeth Evans, Lecturer in Politics, University of Bristol
Dr Barbara Zollner, Lecturer in Politics, Birkbeck College
Dr Kieran Oberman, Chancellor's Research Fellow in Politics, Edinburgh
University
Rebecca Parto, Chair, Political Studies Association Postgraduate Network
Professor David Owen, University of Southampton
Dr Meera Sabaratnam, Lecturer in Politics, SOAS, University of London
Dr Amrita, Senior Teaching Fellow in History, SOAS, University of London
Dr Mihaela Mihai, Lecturer in Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Paul O'Connell, Reader in Law, SOAS, University of London
Dr Ian Bruff, Lecturer in European Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Lars Laamann, Lecturer in History, SOAS, University of London
Dr Hedi Viterbo, Lecturer in Politics, SOAS, University of London
Dr Upamanyu Pablo Mukherjee, Professor of English and Comparative
Literary Studies
Dr Michael Buehler, Lecturer in Comparative Politics, SOAS, University
of London
Dr Judith Bara, Senior Lecturer in Politics, Queen Mary, Univerity of
London
Dr Louise Thompson, Lecturer in British Politics, University of Surrey
Dr Leslie Vinjamuri, Senior Lecturer in Politics, SOAS, University of
London
Dr Pontus Odmalm, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Pierre-Philippe Fraiture Head of French Studies and Professor of
French, University of Warwick
Dr Mulaika Hijjas, Lecturer in South East Asian Studies, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Kevin Millar, Teaching Fellow in Politics, University of Durham
Dr Frauke Urban, Senior Lecturer in Environment and Development, SOAS,
University of London
Lucy Hatton, PhD researcher in Politics, Department of Politics and
International Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Elizabeth Kahn, Lecturer in Political Theory, School of Politics and
International Affairs, University of Durham
Dr Carly Beckerman-Boys, Lecture in the International Relations of the
Middle East, School of Politics and International Affairs, University of
Durham
Dr Kamran Khan, Lecturer in Politics, University of Leicester
Eloise Bertrand, PhD researcher in Politics and International Studies,
University of Warwick
Dr Julia Welland, Teaching Fellow, Department of Politics and
International Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Laia Becares, Joint ESRC/Hallsworth Research Fellow, Centre on the
Dynamics of Ethnicity, University of Manchester
Dr Carl Death, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Federico Mucciarelli Reader in Financial Law SOAS, University of
London,
Dr James Caron, Lecturer in Islamicate South Asia, Faculty of Languages
and Cultures, SOAS - University of London
Dr Lucy Lowe, Lecturer in Social Anthropology, University of Edinburgh
Dr Robert Jump, Lecturer in Economic, University of Kingston
Dr Nick Turnbull, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Stuart Shields, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Olga Onuch, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Anastasia Taryn, Lecturer in Law, University of Liverpool
Lauren Tooker, Erasmus Mundus Doctoral Research Fellow, University of
Warwick
Dr Steve Ketterell, Associate Professor in Politics, University of
Warwick
Dr Veronique Pin-Fat, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of
Manchester
Dr Daniel Fitzpatrick, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Neophytos Loizides, Reader in International Conflict Analysis,
University of Kent
Dr. Bridget Cotter, Lecturer in Politics, University of Westminster
Dr Nic Cheeseman, Associate Professor in African Politics, University of
Oxford
Dr Vikki Boliver, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, University of Durham
Dr Anita Schrader-McMillan, Senior Research Fellow, Warwick Medical
School
Dr David Hudson, Senior Lecturer in Political Economy, University
College London
Dr Tom Dannenbaum, Lecturer in Human Rights, University College London
Dr Christina Achinger, Associate Professor in German Studies, University
of Warwick
Dr Edyta Roszko, Marie Curie Research Fellow in Politics, University of
Durham
Dr Sarah Fine, Lecturer in Philosophy, Kings College London
Dr Sam Freiedman, Assistant Professor in Sociology, London School of
Economics and Political Science
Dr Anita Schrader-McMillan, Senior Research Fellow, Warwick Medical
School
Dr Sara Dorman, Lecturer in Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Richard Child, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Laura McLeod, Lecturer in Politics, University of Manchester
Dr Gunvor Jónsson, Departmental Lecturer in Migration and
Development
Dept. of International Development University of Oxford
Dr Adrienne Roberts, Lecturer in International Politics, University of
Manchester
Dr Rainbow Murray, Reader in Politics, Queen Mary University of London
Dr Robin Pettit, Lecturer in Politics, Kingston University
Dr Naomi Wells, Research Fellow, Italian Studies, School of Modern
Languages and Cultures, University of Warwick
Dr Subir Sinha, Senior Lecturer, Development Studies, SOAS, University
of London
Dr Oz Hassan, Associate Professor in National Security, University of
Warwick
Dr. Rashmi Varma, Department of English and Comparative Literary Studies
Dr Stephanie Collins, Lecturer in Political Theory, University of
Manchester
Dr Cristina Masters, Lecturer in International Relations, University of
Manchester
Dr Alexandra Homolar, Associate Professor of International Security,
Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick.
Dr Stephen Dr Wizje, Senior Lecturer in Political Theory, University of
Manchester
Dr Rachel Seoighe, Research Fellow in Law, University of Warwick
Dr Claire Blencowe, Associate Professor of Sociology University of
Warwick
Dr Samantha Ashenden, Senior Lecturer in Politics, Birkbeck College
University of London
Dr David Cutts, Reader in Politics, University of Bath
Dr Trevor McCrisken, Associate Professor, School of Politics and
International Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Ruvi Ziegler, Lecturer in Law, University of Reading
Dr Emily McTernan, Lecturer in Political Theory, University College
London
Dr Fiona Adamson, Senior Lecturer in International Relations, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Avia Pasternak, Lecturer in Global Ethics, University College London
Jennifer Brown, PhD Researcher, University College London
Dr Manjeet Ramgotra, Senior Teaching Fellow in Politics, SOAS,
University of London
Anca Gheaus, Doctoral Researcher in Philosophy, University of Sheffield
Alan Anstead, UK Race and Equality Network
Dr Khursheed Wadia, Principal Research Fellow in Ethnic Relations,
University of Warwick
Dr Ugur Ozdemir, Lecturer in Quantitative Political Science
Dr Christopher Browning, Lecturer in Politics, University of Warwick
Dr Stephen Kettell, Associate Professor in Politics and International
Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Patrick Burke, Lecturer in Politics, University of Westminster
Dr Ruth Wittlinger, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Durham
Dr Zoe Marriage, Reader in Development Studies, SOAS, University of
London
Dr Zakia Shiraz, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Institute of Advanced
Study, University of Warwick
Dr Madeline Fagan, Global Research Fellow, Institute of Advanced Study,
University of Warwick
Dr Reem Abou-El-Fadl, Lecturer in Comparative Politics of the Middle
East, SOAS, University of London
Dr Ian O'Flynn, Lecturer in Politics, Newcastle University
Dr Simon Choat, Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Kingston
Dr Carmen Gebhard, Lecturer in Politics and International Relations,
University of Edinburgh
Dženeta Karabegović, PhD Candidate, Politics
and International Studies
Department, University of Warwick
Dr Loredana Polezzi, School of Modern Languages and Cultures, University
of Warwick
Dr Khursheed Wadia, Principal Research Fellow in Ethnic Relations,
University of Warwick
Dr. Juanita Elias, Associate Professor, Politics & International
Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Lena Rethel, Associate Professor, Politics & International Studies,
University of Warwick
Dr Sutha Nadarajah, Lecturer in International Relations, SOAS,
University of London
Dr Dalal Stevens, Director of Research, School of Law and Reader in Law
Dr Ingrid Storm, British Academy Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Centre on
the Dynamics of Ethnicity, University of Manchester
Dr Nissa Finney, Reader in Human Geography, University of St Andrews
David Wearing, Doctoral Researcher, SOAS, University of London
Dr Chege Githoria, Senior Lecturer in Swahili, SOAS, University of
London
Dr John Harries, Teaching Fellow in Social Anthropology, University of
Edinburgh
Ragnar Wielandt, Doctoral Research Fellow, University of Edinburgh
Tufyal Choudhury , Lecturer in Law, Director of Student Support, School
of Law, Durham University
Dr Mohammed Alam, Lecturer in Sociology, University of Bradford
Dr. Catherine Goetze Senior Lecturer in International Relations, School
of Global Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Patrick McGovern, Department of Sociology, London School of Economics
& Political Science
Dr Francesca Salvi, Lecturer in Childhood Studies, School of Education
and Continuing Studies (SECS), University of Portsmouth
Dr James Hampshire, Senior Lecture in Politics, University of Sussex
Dr Tessa Lewin, Research Fellow, Institute of Development Studies,
University of Sussex
Dr Olli Hellmann Lecturer in Politics, University of Sussex
Dr. Stephanie E. Berry Lecturer in Public Law,School of Law, Politics
and Sociology,University of Sussex
Dr Sabrina Gilani, University of Sussex, Sussex Law School
Dr Elizabeth David-Barrett, Lecturer in Politics, University of Sussex
Dr Edward Guntrip, Lecturer in Law, Sussex Law School, University of
Sussex
Dr Steven Colburn, University of Sussex
Dr Miranda Alison, Associate Professor in Politics and International
Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Sarita Malik, Brunel University London
Dr Victoria Redclift, Lecturer in Sociology, University of Surrey
Ms Anneke Newman, PhD candidate, University of Sussex
Dr Fabio Petito, Senior Lecturer in International Relations, University
of Sussex
Dr Dinah Rajak, Senior Lecturer in International Development, University
of Sussex
Ana Porroche-Escudero, Lancaster University
Dr Leon Wainwright, Reader in Art History, Department of Art History,
The Open University
Dr Stefanie Ortmann, Lecturer in International Relations, Department of
International Relations, University of Sussex
David Axelsen, Doctoral Researcher, London School of Economics and
Political Science
Dr Nicola Montagna, Senior Lecturer in Sociology, School of Law,
Middlesex University
Dr. Pamela Kea, Senior Lecturer in Anthropology, School of Global
Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Zahidul Quayyum, Health Economics & Health Technology
Assessment Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow
Suzanne Hall , Assistant Professor in Sociology , London School of
Economics and Political Science
Andy Pennington, Research Fellow, Department of Public Health and
Policy, University of Liverpool
Dr Erica Consterdine, Research Fellow, Department of Politics and
Contemporary European Studies, University of Sussex
Dr Jennifer Diggins, Lecturer in Social/Cultural Anthropology,
Oxford Brookes University.
Dr Lauren Greenwood, University of Sussex.
Tereza Germanova, doctoral researcher in Politics, University of Warwick
Dr Paul Warmington, Senior Lecturer in Education, Centre for Research in
Race & Education, University of Birmingham
Dr. John Filling, Lecturer in Political Theory and Fellow of King's
College, University of Cambridge
Oula Kadhum, doctoral research fellow in Politics, University of Warwick
Dr Jamie Allinson, Lecturer in International Relations (Middle East),
University of Edinburgh
Dr Andrea Birdsall, Lecturer in International Relations, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Philip Cook, Lecturer in Political Theory, University of Edinburgh
Dr Elizabeth Cripps, Lecturer in Political Theory, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Jens Lerche, Reader in Agrarian and Labour Studies, SOAS, University
of London
Dr Lynn Dobson, Senior Lecturer in Political Theory, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Claire Duncanson, Senior Lecturer in International Relations,
University of Edinburgh
Dr Oliver Escobar, Lecturer in Public Policy, University of Edinburgh
Dr Kristen Hopewell, Lecturer in Political Economy, University of
Edinburgh
Dr Meryl Kenny, Lecturer in Gender Politics, University of Edinburgh
Dr Luke March, Senior Lecturer in Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics,
University of Edinburgh
Dr Andrew Neal, Senior Lecturer in International Relations, University
of Edinburgh
Dr Tanya Palmer, Lecturer in Law, University of Sussex
Dr Ghazala Mir, Associate Professor, University of Leeds
Varun Uberoi, Senior Lecturer in Political Theory and Public Policy at
Brunel University
Dr Charlotte Helen Skeet, Sussex Law School, University of Sussex
Elizabeth Dowler, Emeritus Professor in Food & Social Policy, University
of Warwick
Andrea Brock, Associate Tutor and Doctoral Researcher, University of
Sussex
Dr Barbara Crossouard, Senior Lecturer in Education, University of
Sussex
Dr Claire Moon, Associate Professor, London School of Economics and
Political Science
Dr Jonathan Havercroft, Associate Professor, Politics and
International Relations, University of Southampton
Carrie Friese, London School of Economics and Political Science
Dr Emily Robinson , Lecturer in Politics, University of Sussex
Martin Hedemann-Robinson, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Kent
Dr Cristiana Olcese, Fellow in Sociology, London School of Economics and
Political Science
Dr Ipshita Basu, Senior Lecturer in International Relations, University
of Westminster
Dr Keith Hyams, Associate Professor in Politics and International
Studies, University of Warwick
Dr Cosimo Zene, Reader in the Study of Religions, SOAS, University of
London
Dr Diego Acosta Arcarazo Senior Lecturer in European and Migration
LawUniversity of Bristol.
Dr Nick Vivyan, Lecturer in Politics, University of Durham.